HOW THEY TALK There are two principal types of digital control networks: wired and radio frequency (RF). For commercial lighting, wired systems are the most common. This is partly because of the relative maturity of conventionally wired systems and DALI, which has been around since the mid-1990s. But it also is due to the immaturity of the RF lighting controls market and competing standards such as Zigbee and Z-Wave. However, many industry experts feel that commercial-grade wireless systems are just about ready to enter prime time. When finally available, they will play a huge part in retrofitting older buildings for efficiency.
CHOOSING A SYSTEM The decision to use a full-function lighting control system hinges on its energy cost savings potential. There are eight principal ways that lighting controls save energy costs:
Lighting controls also are expected to support the functional use of the space. The most common of these is the ability to change lighting scenes to support audio, video, and similar functions. While it is possible to achieve almost every level of control with conventional lighting controls, the cost and complexity can become profound.
SOFTWARE, PROGRAMMING, AND COMMISSIONING Programming and commissioning costs should be included in system specifications and factored into estimates. It is best done by trained and experienced personnel. Consider making it a requirement of the manufacturer or a trained agent. The specifier should provide a detailed description of all the functions expected from every luminaire and component, but, without a significant investment in their own training, the actual programming and commissioning should be left to others. Also, make sure contractors are trained in lighting controls bidding, installation, and troubleshooting. Unless the contractor believes that installation cost savings will occur, the cost of state-of-the-art systems will be much higher than expected.